Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become weak and brittle due to a loss of bone density, making them more susceptible to fractures. It often develops gradually over time and is more common in older adults, particularly postmenopausal women, though men can also be affected. Risk factors include age, family history, low calcium or vitamin D intake, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and certain medical conditions or medications. Often called a “silent disease,” osteoporosis may not show symptoms until a fracture occurs.

Management of osteoporosis focuses on strengthening bones, preventing fractures, and addressing underlying risk factors. Treatment may include medications that slow bone loss or promote bone formation, along with dietary adjustments to ensure adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, weight-bearing exercise, and lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking. Endocrinologists play a key role in diagnosing osteoporosis, interpreting bone density scans, prescribing appropriate therapies, and monitoring long-term bone health to reduce fracture risk.

With proper medical care, lifestyle adjustments, and ongoing endocrinologist supervision, people with osteoporosis can maintain mobility and quality of life. Early detection and consistent management are crucial in preventing serious complications, such as hip or spine fractures, which can significantly impact independence. Regular follow-up and education empower patients to take an active role in protecting their bone health over the long term.