Calcium Disorders are conditions that affect the balance of calcium in the body, which is essential for healthy bones, muscle function, nerve signaling, and blood clotting. The regulation of calcium levels is largely controlled by the parathyroid glands, which produce parathyroid hormone (PTH). When these glands malfunction, calcium levels can become too high or too low, leading to a range of health problems. Two key conditions that fall under this category are Hypoparathyroidism and Parathyroid Adenomas.

Hypoparathyroidism occurs when the parathyroid glands produce too little PTH, resulting in low calcium levels (hypocalcemia) and elevated phosphorus levels in the blood. Symptoms may include muscle cramps, tingling sensations, fatigue, or, in severe cases, seizures or heart rhythm disturbances. Parathyroid Adenomas, on the other hand, are benign tumours of one or more parathyroid glands that cause excessive PTH production, leading to high calcium levels (hypercalcemia). This can result in symptoms such as bone pain, kidney stones, abdominal discomfort, and fatigue.

An Endocrinologist plays a vital role in diagnosing and managing Calcium Disorders, as accurate testing and interpretation of hormone and calcium levels are essential for proper treatment. Management may involve calcium and vitamin D supplementation for Hypoparathyroidism, or surgical removal of the affected gland in the case of a Parathyroid Adenoma. With specialist care, patients can achieve stable calcium levels and prevent complications. Regular follow-up with an Endocrinologist ensures effective long-term management and improved quality of life.